The potato plant is part of the nightshade family, which includes other edible plants such as tomato and eggplant. The tubers of the potato plant are toxic before they have been cooked but can be eaten after they have been cooked. Apart from that, the side effects of eating excessive potatoes are as follows –
Potatoes are a low-fibre food, with only 2 grams of fibre per cup. Despite this, it still provides substantial amounts of water, which helps to keep you hydrated and decrease constipation. However, because potatoes are high in starch (and thus carbohydrates), they can cause gas when eaten in large amounts.
Eating foods high in carbohydrates can rapidly increase your blood sugar level, which can cause your body to release too much insulin. Excess insulin then causes your blood sugar levels to drop lower than normal, creating a craving for more carbohydrates. Because the body must process all the extra sugar, some are burned off as energy, but most are converted into fat, leading to weight gain.
Although potatoes are a healthy "complex" carbohydrate, they still spike your blood sugar. In the body, carbohydrates are converted into glucose, a simple sugar that is used by cells for energy. The hormone insulin helps transport this sugar to the cells so your body can utilise it.
Potatoes contain three key minerals that may help reduce blood pressure: potassium, calcium, and magnesium. A study found that women who ate boiled, baked, or mashed potatoes four or more times a week had an 11% increased risk of developing hypertension or high blood pressure in comparison to people who only ate the same less than once a month. Interestingly enough, though, and perhaps surprisingly, those consuming french fries more than three times a week had an even higher increase in their risk by 17%.
Potatoes contain high levels of vitamins C and E and other antioxidants that protect the cells in our bodies from free radical damage. Free radicals are unstable molecules that steal electrons from other molecules, causing oxidative damage to the cells they encounter. However, too many antioxidants can increase the risk of several cancers at a moderate level; at a high level, they may also cause damage to healthy cells around them.
Potatoes that have started to sprout or have discoloured green are likely to contain solanine, a toxic compound that has been found to cause circulatory and respiratory problems, as well as headaches, muscle cramps, and diarrhoea. All sprouts should be removed. However, if the potato has shrunken or become yellow in colour, it should not be eaten.
It has been proven that when potatoes are cooked at temperatures above 248 Fahrenheit or 120 degrees Celsius, they produce a chemical known as acrylamide. This compound is found in plastics, glues, dyes, and cigarette smoke. Acrylamide has neurotoxic properties and may negatively impact genes and health.
Potatoes are a starchy food, meaning high levels of simple carbohydrates can be found in potatoes. This type of carbohydrate is not recommended for people with diabetes or obesity when eaten in excess, as it has been shown to promote weight gain. It is better to eat potatoes alongside non-starchy vegetables for a balanced intake of carbs. While legumes contain more nutrients than starchy vegetables like potatoes, they have not been shown to reduce diabetes risk.
Beta-blockers are a type of medication commonly prescribed for heart disease. These drugs can increase potassium levels in the blood, which can be dangerous if you have high blood pressure or are at risk for heart disease. To prevent this from happening, it is important to avoid foods with lots of potassium when taking beta-blockers.
Potassium levels in the body can pose a serious risk to those with damaged kidneys or ones that are not functioning properly. If your kidneys are not working, they may not be able to filter excess potassium from the blood, and this can prove fatal.
High levels of heavy metals can be found in potatoes grown in heavily fertilised soil. If you are concerned about this and wish to avoid intaking fertilisers, grow your own potatoes or buy organic varieties.
Apart from being a great addition to your diet, the health benefits of potatoes are far-reaching as they are rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Further, they may also aid you in losing weight by curbing hunger pains and cravings, as well as improving digestive health and boosting immunity. All in all, potatoes are a great food to enjoy in moderation. They are natural, gluten-free veggies, which means anyone can incorporate them into their daily diet and enjoy some of the best mouth-watering and lip-smacking dishes.