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If you’ve just bought a health insurance policy for the very first time, or you’re planning to buy one, you might be feeling a little overwhelmed with all the complicated terms and jargon you find about health insurance both online and in your policy documents.
But, instead of being confused until the last minute, we can help you be prepared with some of the things you need to know before buying health insurance. Knowing all these details will help you choose the right health insurance plan for you and reduce any hassles and confusion at the time of claims.
So, let’s examine some important terms about health insurance.
Health insurance is a contract between an individual and an insurance provider that helps cover the cost of medical care. The insurer provides financial protection for various health-related expenses in exchange for regular premium payments. This coverage can include doctor visits, hospital stays, surgeries, and prescription medications.
Health insurance aims to reduce the financial burden of medical services and ensure access to necessary care. It plays a critical role in maintaining health and managing healthcare costs efficiently.
When purchasing health insurance, making an informed decision is important to ensure the proper coverage. Below are a few things to consider before making your choice:
A waiting period is the time you need to wait before you can make a claim for some or all benefits of your health insurance policy.
This waiting period and its terms and conditions will vary from company to company. Usually, there is an initial waiting period of around 30 days after which you can actively start using your health insurance (except for accidental hospitalization). There are also specific waiting periods for pre-existing diseases, maternity benefits, and for certain other ailments.
A co-payment refers to the percentage of the claim amount that will be borne by the policyholder during a claim in health insurance. Essentially, it means you and your insurer will be splitting the medical bills; so, while your insurer will pay for a large portion of the bill, a smaller part of it would have to be paid by you. For example, if you have a 15% co-pay, your insurer will bear 85% of the claim amount, while you pay the rest.
While opting for a higher co-pay, it will help to lower your total premium, it will mean that you have to pay a larger amount during claims. On the other hand, a lower co-pay will increase your premium, but in the end, you will pay less during claims.
Some insurance policies come with a mandatory clause for co-payment, while others will offer policyholders the option to choose a voluntary co-payment amount.
Instead of getting your hospital bills reimbursed from your health insurer after your treatments, a cashless health insurance is where after you get the required treatment at a Network Hospital, your health insurer will take care of the bills directly. You don’t need to pay any cash out of your own pocket.
All you need is an approval from your insurer or third-party administrator, and the costs will be taken care of between the hospital and your insurance company.
Medical bills often go beyond what you need to pay for your hospitalization stay.
Pre-hospitalization expenses are those that are incurred before you are admitted to the hospital for treatment, such as diagnostic tests, investigative procedures, medication, and more.
Post-hospitalization expenses refer to the medical costs incurred between 45-90 days after you are discharged from the hospital after your treatment. This could include follow-up tests, continuing treatments, specific medications, etc.
When you are hospitalized, the hospital will charge you a room rent for the time that you are admitted. There are a range of hospital rooms like a general ward, double room, deluxe room, luxury room, etc. with a different room rent of each.
Many insurance providers set a maximum room rent limit under their health insurance, including a cap on ICU room rents as well. So, in case you choose a hospital room with a higher rent, you would have to pay the extra amount out of your pocket. For example, if your rent charges are capped at 1% of your sum insured of ₹5 lakhs, your insurance will cover the same up to ₹5,000.
However, some insurance companies like Digit have no room rent capping as a benefit, meaning that you can choose any hospital room you want during your treatment as long as your total claim amount doesn’t exceed your sum insured.
Pre-existing diseases or conditions are any disease or health condition that you already have had symptoms of or have been treated for within 48 months before you got your health insurance policy. These can range from serious conditions like cancer or diabetes to high blood pressure, or asthma.
Depending on your age and the disease or condition, there is usually a 2-4 year waiting period before a pre-existing condition is covered.
When it comes to pre-existing diseases, it’s best to be as transparent as possible! Include all the diseases and treatments you would need covered in your health insurance policy so that your insurance provider won’t reject your claims later.
With the success of technological improvements in modern medicine, a number of “new-age” procedures are also sometimes covered as a part of your health insurance policy. They include treatments like:
Often these procedures are covered up to 50% of the total sum insured.
Daycare treatments and procedures are those medical treatments that need hospitalization, but for less than 24-hours. So, it is when you need to be admitted to the hospital for a treatment or operation that takes less than a day.
Some examples of daycare treatments include cataract surgeries, nasal sinus aspiration, cancer chemotherapy, cancer radiotherapy, etc.
On the other hand, additional covers (also called add-ons or riders) are additional coverages that you can opt for in addition to your existing health insurance policy. When you have these covers you can enhance your coverage for an additional premium.
According to the IRDAI, the total premium for all the add-ons picked under a single health insurance policy cannot exceed 30% of the original premium amount. So, if you get a family floater health insurance at ₹5,000/year, and you want to include 5 add-ons, the additional premium you will need to pay for those add-ons cannot exceed ₹15,00 (30% of 5000).
Popular add-ons include features like a Maternity cover, Room Rent waiver, Hospital cash cover, or AYUSH treatment cover.
Often, there are limits and restrictions to your health insurance policy, such as diseases, conditions or situations where your medical expenses will not be covered. There are two main types of exclusions:
It is important to know what is excluded in your policy before you purchase it so that there are no surprises when it is time to make a claim.
Your sum insured is the maximum amount your health insurer will be able to cover for you in one year in case of medical claims. Thus, it is the maximum reimbursement you can get in case you make a claim with your health insurer.
In case your total medical bills exceed this amount, you will have to pay the extra cost out of your own pocket. Thus it is important to choose the SI carefully.
While a lower SI can result in a lower premium, when you opt for a higher sum insured, you will be increasing the amount you have in case of emergency
A cumulative bonus is similar to a no claim bonus in car insurance. However, instead of an upfront discount, you will get added benefits.
In case you haven’t made any claims during the policy year, will give you an increase in your Sum Insured, without charging you any extra premium. This increase in your sum insured is called a cumulative bonus. It usually starts at 10% for every claim-free year.
Some health insurance plans include a deductible. This is when you need to pay a part of the insurance claim from your pocket before the insurer can cover the rest for you. This amount is usually decided by you while buying your health insurance policy.
So, for example, if your healthcare claim is ₹35,000, and you have a deductible amount of ₹10,000, your insurance company will be liable to pay ₹25,000. The ₹10,000 deductibles will have to be borne by you.
There are two types of deductibles – Compulsory and Voluntary.
A sub-limit is a pre-determined cap that is placed on parts of your claim amount by the insurer. These sub-limits won’t be applicable to the entire bill amount, but rather to certain conditions. The three main types of sub-limits are those placed on:
So, at the time of claims, you can only make a claim for the amount set out by the sub-limit clause, and beyond that, you need to pay out of your own pocket.
Loading is a situation primarily used in some health insurance plans. It is an additional cost added to the premium for certain “risky individuals”. These are people who might have a higher-than-usual risk of someone making a claim.
The risk might be due to their older age, pre-existing ailments like hypertension or diabetes, history of major surgery, adverse family history, or bad habits such as smoking.
Loading is a way to cover these higher-than-anticipated losses from individuals who may be at a higher-than-anticipated risk of making medical claims. It also allows these high-risk customers to get more comprehensive insurance coverage.
While you have many options of insurance companies and product offerings to choose from, the following tips for purchasing health insurance apply to almost every insurer and product:
Health emergencies come without prior notice and can be quite financially tested. At times, they might even put people in debt, which would affect their future earning ability. Here are some do’s and don’ts to ensure you get full-proof protection without any unwanted hiccups during and after buying the plan.
When buying medical insurance in India, you must inspect all the details very carefully, including:
When purchasing health insurance in India, it's essential to avoid common pitfalls that could impact your coverage, including:
Hopefully, understanding these terms will help you know what to look for when buying health insurance so that you can stop feeling overwhelmed with all the complicated terms or jargon the next time you buy or renew your important health insurance policy. Understand exclusions and waiting periods, especially for pre-existing conditions.
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Disclaimer #1: *Customer can choose options at the time of availing insurance. Premium amount may vary accordingly. Insured is required to disclose any pre-existing condition or on going treatment before policy issuance in the proposal form.
Disclaimer #2: This information is added only for informative purposes and collected from different sources across the Internet. Digit Insurance is not promoting or recommending anything here. Please verify the information before making any decisions.
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