Infant Growth and Development Month by Month

What are Developmental Milestones?

Types of Infant Developmental Milestones

What is Baby Development?

What are the Stages of Infant Development?

Newborn Milestones Month by Month

1 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Limited head control, jerky limb movements, and reflexive grasping with hands.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Focuses on faces 8-12 inches away and recognises familiar sounds and voices.
Smell and Touch Milestones Recognises mother’s scent and responds to touch, especially soothing strokes.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 14-17 hours a day, mostly in short, fragmented stretches throughout the day.
Health Milestones First paediatric checkup for growth monitoring and assessment of early health indicators.
Feeding Milestones Breastfeeds or bottle feeds every 2-3 hours begin to coordinate sucking and swallowing.
Schedule and Routine Milestones There is no set schedule yet, but we are establishing a feeding and sleeping routine.
Cognitive Milestones Recognises caregiver’s voice and starts tracking objects with their eyes.
Social and Emotional Milestones Begins to smile reflexively in response to familiar faces and interactions.
Language Milestones Starts cooing and making simple sounds, experimenting with vocalisation.

2 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Lifts head briefly when on the stomach, showing smoother limb movements and control.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Follows objects with eyes and reacts to loud noises or sudden sounds with alertness.
Smell and Touch Milestones Responds to touch and explore with hands, demonstrating curiosity about different textures.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 14-17 hours but with longer, consolidated nighttime stretches and fewer naps.
Health Milestones First vaccinations (like Hepatitis B) and checks for reflexes and early developmental milestones.
Feeding Milestones Feeding frequency slightly decreases, but still every 3-4 hours, with gradual adjustment.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Starts to adapt to regular feeding and sleep patterns, establishing a predictable routine.
Cognitive Milestones Shows interest in new objects and explores the environment visually, engaging with stimuli.
Social and Emotional Milestones Begins to smile socially, recognising and responding to familiar caregivers.
Language Milestones Makes cooing and gurgling sounds and experiments with vocalisation.

3 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Raises head and chest when lying on stomach, bats at toys with increasing coordination.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Focuses more on moving objects and reacts to familiar voices with increased recognition.
Smell and Touch Milestones Soothes with familiar smells and reacts to varied textures, showing comfort with known scents.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 13-16 hours, with more consistent daytime naps and longer periods of restful sleep.
Health Milestones Monitors growth during checkups and receives the second round of vaccinations.
Feeding Milestones Breastfeeding or bottle feeding occurs every 3-4 hours, showing steady feeding patterns.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Begins to establish consistent daily patterns for feeding and sleeping, creating a better routine.
Cognitive Milestones Watches objects move and responds to stimuli with increased interest and engagement.
Social and Emotional Milestones Smiles at people and enjoys playtime, showing joy and social interaction during activities.
Language Milestones Makes “ooh” and “ahh” sounds and begins to mimic sounds, exploring vocal abilities.

4 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Rolls from stomach to back and begins to push up on arms, showing improved strength.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Recognises familiar faces at a distance, demonstrating better visual recognition skills.
Smell and Touch Milestones Explores with hands and enjoys different textures, showing a preference for exploration.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 12-15 hours, with longer nighttime stretches and more restful periods of sleep.
Health Milestones Growth monitoring includes checks for muscle tone and overall physical development.
Feeding Milestones Feeding occurs every 4-5 hours, with growing consistency in feeding intervals.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Starts adapting to consistent feeding and sleep schedules, establishing a more regular routine.
Cognitive Milestones Shows curiosity about objects and tracks things visually with increased focus and attention.
Social and Emotional Milestones Laughs and engages more during play, expressing enjoyment and social interaction.
Language Milestones Babbling increases and the baby tries to mimic sounds, exploring early language development.

5 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Rolls onto the stomach and begins to sit with support, showing improved balance.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Reaches for objects and responds to names, showing coordination and recognition skills.
Smell and Touch Milestones Recognises scents and explores objects, engaging with their surroundings.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 12-14 hours, with more regular naps and more consistent sleep habits throughout the day.
Health Milestones Monitor weight and growth with checks for motor skills and overall developmental advancement.
Feeding Milestones May start showing interest in solid foods, with feeding happening every 4-5 hours.
Schedule and Routine Milestones More predictable sleep and feeding routines, establishing a more consistent daily schedule.
Cognitive Milestones Explores objects by mouthing and grabbing, using these methods to learn their environment.
Social and Emotional Milestones Shows affection to caregivers, becoming more interactive and responsive during interactions.
Language Milestones Continues babbling and responds to talking, further developing early communication skills.

6 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Sits without support and may start to crawl, showing increased mobility and core strength.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Recognises distant objects and understands some basic words, showing comprehension.
Smell and Touch Milestones Shows interest in varied smells and reaches for objects, exploring through such interactions.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps through the night, with daytime naps becoming more regular and consistent.
Health Milestones Check for growth milestones, vaccinations, the beginning of teething and other symptoms.
Feeding Milestones Introduces solid foods while still breastfeeding or bottle feeding, transitioning to a varied diet.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Maintaining a consistent routine with regular naps and feeding times builds a stable schedule.
Cognitive Milestones Develops object permanence, reaching for and manipulating toys and even hiding them.
Social and Emotional Milestones Begins showing stranger anxiety, becoming more cautious around unfamiliar people.
Language Milestones Responds to names and makes repetitive sounds like “ba-ba” or “da-da.” 

7 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Begins crawling or scooting and stands with support, demonstrating lower body strength an
Visual and Hearing Milestones Follows objects with precision, showing enhanced focus and improved visual abilities.
Smell and Touch Milestones Explores objects with both mouth and hands, using multiple senses to investigate.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 12-14 hours, with 2-3 naps during the day, establishing a predictable sleep pattern.
Health Milestones Teething may intensify, causing discomfort, irritability, and the emergence of more teeth.
Feeding Milestones Eating more solids while still relying on breast milk or formula for nutritional balance.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Settled sleep and feeding routines, creating a smoother routine and sense of predictability.
Cognitive Milestones Explores cause and effect by dropping objects and learning how actions can change surroundings.
Social and Emotional Milestones Demonstrates more emotions, like frustration or joy, with clearer expressions of feelings.
Language Milestones Understands some words and imitates sounds, building the foundation for language.

8 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Pulls up to stand and may begin cruising along furniture, showing increasing leg strength.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Sees across the room and responds to familiar sounds, indicating enhanced awareness.
Smell and Touch Milestones Enjoys textures and reacts to smells, using these senses to explore their environment.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps through the night with two naps, maintaining a well-established sleep routine.
Health Milestones Teeth continue to emerge, often causing discomfort as the teething process progresses.
Feeding Milestones Enjoys more variety in solid foods, experimenting with different tastes and textures.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Follows a more structured routine, creating feeding, naps, and playtime stability.
Cognitive Milestones Understands object permanence, knowing that objects exist even when they are out of sight.
Social and Emotional Milestones Play social games like peek-a-boo, engage in interactive play, and develop social skills.
Language Milestones Babbles with intent and tries to mimic conversations, practising sounds of speech.

9 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Cruises around furniture and crawls confidently, showing improved coordination and mobility.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Recognises familiar faces from a distance, demonstrating enhanced visual recognition.
Smell and Touch Milestones Smell and touch play key roles in exploring the world, as they use these senses to investigate.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps through the night with 1-2 naps, continuing a regular sleep schedule.
Health Milestones Dental and growth monitoring are important at this stage to ensure proper development.
Feeding Milestones Introduces finger foods and feeds self with hands, developing independence in eating.
Schedule and Routine Milestones They follow consistent feeding, sleep, and play, creating a sense of structure in their daily life.
Cognitive Milestones Problem-solving skills develop, and they enjoy manipulating objects to explore how they work.
Social and Emotional Milestones Expresses more emotions like fear or joy, showing clearer emotional responses.
Language Milestones Starts using simple words like “mama” or “dada,” signalling early language development.

10 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones They may stand momentarily without support, showing that they are developing balance and strength.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Shows interest in exploring the environment visually, focusing on new objects and places.
Smell and Touch Milestones Uses smell and touch to explore objects and foods, becoming more curious.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 11-12 hours at night, consistently, with naps once or twice during the day.
Health Milestones Monitor for teething and growth tracking, ensuring their physical development is on track.
Feeding Milestones Displays an increasing interest in solid foods, trying new tastes and textures.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Follows a predictable daily routine, which helps in planned timings for feeding and playtime.
Cognitive Milestones Tests boundaries and enjoys interactive games, exploring social and cognitive skills.
Social and Emotional Milestones Shows clear attachment to caregivers, expressing affection and seeking comfort.
Language Milestones Improved comprehension and understanding of simple words like "no" or "come here.”

11 Month Old Infant Milestones

Category Milestones
Movement Milestones Begins walking with support or taking first steps, showing increasing independence in movement.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Looks for hidden objects and listens for familiar sounds, demonstrating stronger memory.
Smell and Touch Milestones Continues exploring through smell and touch, using these senses to learn about new objects.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 11-12 hours at night, with naps during the day, maintaining a stable sleep routine.
Health Milestones Regular health checkups and teething, monitoring growth and oral health development.
Feeding Milestones Eats a wider variety of solid foods, gradually expanding their palate and dietary preferences.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Follows a regular feeding and sleeping schedule, showing consistency in daily routines.
Cognitive Milestones Enjoys problem-solving activities, like figuring out how toys work and developing cognitive abilities.

Baby Development Milestones Year by Year

1 Year Old Baby Milestones (12 to 24 months)

Milestone Description
Movement Milestones Takes unsupported and generally clumsy steps, which involves climbing on things. Moves toy forwards and backwards in standing positions and can squat and stand from a squat.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Track moving objects and pictures in books. Understand simple instructions such as “no” and “come here” and recognise people and items from a distance.
Smell and Touch Milestones Holds and interacts with objects, throwing and shaking them, but shows a preference for spatial relations. Responds to smells, particularly good and bad.
Sleep Milestones Has a cumulative total of about 10-12 hours of sleep, including a night and one or two short daytime sleep sessions, and will likely have sleep regression sometimes.
Health Milestones Gets routine immunisations (like MMR) and visits for growth checks, is still teething and usually has had some molars and other primary teeth growing.
Feeding Milestones Start with more solid foods and feed with hands and then a spoon. Then, begin taking liquids from a drinking cup and try various foods of different textures.
Schedule and Routine Milestones They begin to have better sleep, feeding, and playing time patterns, and they also comprehend some activities that are carried out in a specific order, such as eating or bathing.
Cognitive Milestones Uses tools properly (e.g., hair brush and cups), discriminates forms, colours and pictures, and explores and pushes limits because they’re inquisitive.
Social and Emotional Milestones They display worry when taken away from their primary caregiver, become dependent on their guardians, stand and know how to wave, and engage in some pretend play.
Language Milestones Say a few words (10-20 words at the age expected within the year), except speaking. They know more words than they talk and can point out / name objects when prompted.

2 Year Old Baby Milestones (24 to 36 months)

Milestone Description
Movement Milestones Takes unsupported and generally clumsy steps, which involves climbing on things. Moves toy forwards and backwards in standing positions and can squat and stand from a squat.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Track moving objects and pictures in books. Understand simple instructions such as “no” and “come here” and recognise people and items from a distance.
Smell and Touch Milestones Holds and interacts with objects, throwing and shaking them, but shows a preference for spatial relations. Responds to smells, particularly good and bad.
Sleep Milestones Has a cumulative total of about 10-12 hours of sleep, including a night and one or two short daytime sleep sessions, and will likely have sleep regression sometimes.
Health Milestones Gets routine immunisations (like MMR) and visits for growth checks, is still teething and usually has had some molars and other primary teeth growing.
Feeding Milestones Start with more solid foods and feed with hands and then utensils such as spoons and forks. Then, the child will begin taking liquids from a drinking cup and trying various foods.
Schedule and Routine Milestones They begin to have better sleep, feeding, and playing time patterns, and they also comprehend some activities that are carried out in a specific order, such as eating or bathing.
Cognitive Milestones Uses tools properly (e.g., hair brush and cups), discriminates forms, colours and pictures, and explores and pushes limits because they’re inquisitive.
Social and Emotional Milestones They display worry when taken away from their primary caregiver, become dependent on the guardians, stand and know how to wave, and engage in some pretend play.
Language Milestones Say a few words (10-20 words at the age expected within the year), except speaking. They know more words than they talk and can point out / name objects when prompted.

3 Year Old Baby Milestones (36 to 48 months)

Milestone Description
Movement Milestones Runs and climbs quickly, jumps forward, and stands on one foot for a few seconds. Rides a tricycle, improves hand-eye coordination, builds taller block towers, and draws simple shapes.
Visual and Hearing Milestones Understands spatial relationships (over, under, beside) and can often recognise familiar letters, numbers and images and even recall them on command.
Smell and Touch Milestones Uses touch and smell to identify familiar objects and often expresses stronger preferences for certain textures and smells, especially regarding food and drinks.
Sleep Milestones Sleeps 10-12 hours, possibly dropping daytime naps entirely or having just one. Stays dry during naps or at night, indicating readiness for potty training.
Health Milestones Potty training often begins or is completed, varying with each child, with continued monitoring of growth and physical development with a paediatrician to aid.
Feeding Milestones Fully self-feeds with utensils and consumes a wide variety of foods and drinks. Becomes more aware of hunger cues and may ask for specific foods.
Schedule and Routine Milestones Follows established routines with greater understanding and may start preschool, learning to follow structured schedules outside the home and interacting with others.
Cognitive Milestones Understands cause and effect, frequently asks “why” questions, can count to 10, knows some shapes and colours, and engages in imaginative play, creating stories and characters.
Social and Emotional Milestones Play with other children and engages in pretend play with peers. Understands and expresses a broader range of emotions and shows empathy toward others.
Language Milestones Forms sentences of 3-4 words, carries on simple conversations, asks and answers questions, tells short stories, knows their name and age, and uses pronouns like “I” and “me.”

When Should Your Baby Get Checkups?

What to Do if Your Baby Misses Developmental Milestones?

FAQs about Infant Developmental Milestones

When should I expect my baby to roll over?

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Babies generally roll over from stomach to back between 4 to 6 months and from back to stomach around 6 to 7 months.

At what age should my baby start sitting up?

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Babies usually start sitting with support by 6 months and can sit independently by 8 months. If your baby isn’t sitting up by 9 months, consider consulting your healthcare provider.

When do babies typically begin crawling?

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Most babies start crawling between 7 to 10 months. However, some babies may skip crawling and go straight to walking.

What should I do if my baby isn’t making eye contact?

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If your baby isn’t making eye contact by 2 to 3 months, it’s important to consult with your paediatrician. Eye contact is crucial for social development, and early assessment can help address any potential issues.

When do babies start babbling and making sounds?

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Babies usually start babbling and making repetitive sounds around 4 to 6 months. If your baby isn’t babbling by 6 months, you might want to seek advice from a healthcare professional.

When should I be concerned if my baby isn’t walking?

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Most babies walk between 9 to 15 months. If your baby isn’t walking by 18 months, consult your paediatrician to assess their development.

How can I help my baby reach their developmental milestones?

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Engage in interactive play, provide a stimulating environment, and encourage activities that promote motor skills and communication. Consistent and supportive interactions can aid in reaching developmental milestones.

When should I start introducing solid foods to my baby?

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Solid foods are typically introduced around 6 months of age. It’s best to consult with your paediatrician for personalised advice based on your baby’s growth and readiness.

What are signs that my baby might be experiencing a developmental delay?

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Signs may include significant delays in reaching milestones, limited eye contact, or difficulty interacting with others. If you notice these signs, consult with your paediatrician for further evaluation.

When should I be worried if my baby isn’t talking?

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Babies generally start saying their first words around 12 months and form simple sentences by 18 months. If there is little progress by 18 months, seek guidance from a healthcare provider.

How often should my baby have checkups to monitor their development?

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Regular checkups are recommended at 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months, with additional visits as needed. These checkups help monitor growth and address any concerns.

What are some activities I can do to support my baby’s development?

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Activities include tummy time, reading together, interactive play, and encouraging exploration. These activities support motor skills, cognitive development, and social interaction.

What is a red flag in child development?

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A red flag indicates that a child may have developmental delays or issues, such as missing key milestones or not responding to social cues.

What are the baby milestones in order?

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  • Newborn: Lifts head briefly, focuses on faces, and responds to touch.
  • Month 1: Smiles reflexively, starts cooing, and tracks objects.
  • Month 2: Lifts head and chest, follow moving objects, recognises faces.
  • Month 3: Pushes up on arms, begins babbling, social smiles.
  • Month 4: Rolls over, grasps toys, laughs out loud.
  • Month 5: Sits with support, transfers objects, responds to name.
  • Month 6: Sits without support, begins crawling, babbles.
  • Month 7: Crawls, pulls up to stand, understands cause and effect.
  • Month 8: Cruises while holding on, uses gestures, and understands commands.
  • Month 9: Stands holding on, points, and plays simple games.
  • Month 10: Walk with support; say “mama” or “dada” specifically.

When can a baby hold its head up?

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Babies typically start to hold their heads up around 1-2 months when lying on their stomachs.

Can babies skip milestones?

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Yes, some babies may skip certain milestones or reach them out of order, but significant delays should be discussed with a healthcare professional.

Is walking too early bad for babies?

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Walking too early is not necessarily bad, but it can increase the risk of falls and injuries. It’s important for babies to develop strength and coordination gradually.

Disclaimer

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  • This is an informative article provided on 'as is' basis for awareness purpose only and not intended as a professional advice. The content of the article is derived from various open sources across the Internet. Digit Life Insurance is not promoting or recommending any aspect in the article or its correctness. Please verify the information and your requirement before taking any decisions.
  • All the figures reflected in the article are for illustrative purposes. The premium for Coverage that one buys depends on various factors including customer requirements, eligibility, age, demography, insurance provider, product, coverage amount, term and other factors
  • Tax Benefits, if applicable depend on the Tax Regime opted by the individual and the applicable tax provision. Please consult your Tax consultant before making any decision.

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